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Fakulta stavební, ČVUT v Praze

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Fire Safety and Healthy Buildings

Kód předmětu:124FSHB
Rozsah:3+2
Zakončení:Zápočet, zkouška
Druh studia:Bakalářský
Semestr:Letní
Typ předmětu:Povinný
Garant předmětu:doc. Ing. Vladimír Mózer, Ph.D., prof. Ing.Martin Jiránek, CSc.

Stránky věnované cvičení

Anotace:

 

Healthy Buildings

Constituents of indoor microclimate, hazardous substances (VOCs, HFRs, heavy metals, moulds, microbes, aerosols, radionuclides, etc.), their sources and health effects. Influence of building structures and materials on quality of indoor microclimate. Design of buildings with respect to optimisation of indoor microclimate.

 

Fire Safety

Analysis of fire - course of fire, burning process, fire loading; legislation and European Standards; fire safety solutions - fire project, requirement for fire resistance of buildings, escape ways, distance separation, fire-fighting equipment; fire behaviour of the most used materials (wood, steel, concrete, plastics); protection of building materials against fire (brickwork, concreting, plasters and sprays, coatings, impregnates of wood, encasements, glued facings of mineral fibres); sandwiches from fire point of view; influence of claddings on the course fire; passive protection of building structures - fire walls, fire glazed structures, fire ceiling, draft stops and seals; repressive measures - electric fire signalling, stationary extinguishing devices, smoke extract, hydrant systems.

Cíle:

 

Healthy Buildings

To acquaint students with the requirements for ensuring high level of indoor air quality, with preventive and remedial actions.

 

Fire Safety

To acquaint students with foundation of fire safety solutions of buildings, legislation and European Standards, behaviour of the most applied materials in fire and their protection, and principles of repressive measures.

Požadavky:

 

Building materials, Foundation of building structures

Přednášky:

 

Healthy Buildings (prof. Ing. Martin Jiránek, CSc,. Ing. Zuzana Rácová, Ph.D.)

1. lecture. Constituents of indoor microclimate, health risks connected with indoor environment, summary of pollutants, sources of pollutants. Radionuclides in indoor environment. Protection of new houses against radon from the soil.

2. lecture. Method of radon diagnostics, remedial actions against radon and gamma radiation in existing houses..

3. lecture. Toxic microclimate - toxic chemicals (VOCs, HFRs, phthalate, vinyl chloride, formaldehyde, styrene, phenol, etc.) released from plastics, composites, adhesives, paints, etc. Aerosols, natural and man made mineral fibres – respirable fibres (asbestos, rock, glass and mineral fibres). Preventive and remedial actions.

4. lecture. Microbial microclimate – moulds, bacteria, yeasts, mites, fungi and microbes. Health effects and sources of biological contaminants. Toxic substances produced by moulds (mycotoxins, aflatoxins). Reducing exposure to biological contaminants.

5. lecture. Biodegradation of building materials and structures. Degradation of  building materials by chemical and physical action caused by bilogical organisms.

 

Fire Safety (doc. Ing. Vladimír Mózer, Ph.D.)

6. lecture: Fundamental concepts, statistics and reasons of fire. Analysis of fire – reasons and course of fire. Fire legislation and European Standards. Burning process, fire loading.

7. lecture: Foundation of fire safety solutions of buildings – fire project (fire and economic risk, fire grading), requirement for fire resistance of buildings, fire scripts, class of fire resistance, escape ways (types and requirements), distance separation (claddings and roof envelope, fire strips, additional contact padding warm).

8. lecture: Fire-fighting equipment (access road, external and internal fire-fighting route), water and electricity supply, extinguishers. Euro codes.

9. lecture: Fire behaviour of the most used materials: wood, steel, concrete non-reinforced, reinforced and prestressed, plastics (material structure, system and rate burning, influence of higher temperatures on properties of material, loss of stability, negative phenomena of steel in course of fire, fire dangerous properties of plastics and process-reduction of their burning).

10. lecture: Protection of building materials against fire (brickwork, concreting, plasters and sprays, coatings, impregnates of wood, encasements, glued facings of mineral fibres).

11. lecture: Influence of claddings of the temperature-course during fire (influence of filling and joints on fire spread, fire spread along facade). Passive protection of building structures – fire walls, fire glazed structures, fire ceiling, draft stops and seals, drencher sprinkler).

12. lecture: Problem of fire liquidation in tower and hall buildings. Active fire safety protection (electric fire signalization, stationary extinguishing equipments, smoke extract). Fire hydrant systems in water supply (external and internal fire-protection water works).

13. lecture: Behaviour of the most used building materials in fire - wood, steel, non-reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, glass, plastics

Cvičení:

 

Healthy Buildings (Ing.  Veronika Kačmaříková, Ph.D.)

1. Design of radon preventive measures for a choosen building

2. Cost-effectiveness analysis of preventive measures

3. Design of a shielding against gamma radiation

4. Seminar work - prevention against a particular polutant

 

Fire Safety (doc. Ing. Vladimír Mózer, Ph.D.)

Drawing up of fire safety solution to previous project:

  1. fire risk (fire loading, division of disposal on fire compartments, fire grading),
  2. requirements on fire resistance of building structures,
  3. escape ways (choice of type, dimensioning),
  4. distance separation (claddings and roof envelopes from fire open area - point of view, fire strips, surfacing),
  5. fire-fighting equipment (access road, external and internal fire-fighting route),
  6. water and electricity supply,
  7. extinguishers.

Ukončení:

 

Healthy Buildings

Submission of home assignments in a required quality

70% attendance at lectures and seminars

Successful completion of the test

 

Fire Safety

Given fire safety solution and sufficient participation on the lessons (above 60 %).

Literatura:

  1. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, 1st.ed., Fire Safety in Tall Buildings, Betlehem, Pensylvania, Mc Graw-Hill Inc., 1992, 317 p., ISBN 0-07-012531-7
  2. Kupilík, V.: Fire Protection of Constructions, page:182, Dunamenti Tuzvédelem Zrt, Budapest, Hungary,2009,  ISBN: 978-963-06-70385-7
  3. Newman, G.M. The fire resistance of composite floors with steel decking, 1st.ed., The Steel Construction Institute Ascot, 2001, ISBN 1-870004-67-1
  4. SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, Third Edition ,Editorial Staff, Published by the National Fire Protection Association, National Fire Protection Association, 2002, ISBN: 087765-451-4

  5. Holdsworth B., Sealey A.: Healthy Buildings. Longman, 1992

  6. Curwell S. R., March C. G.: Hazardous Building Materials. E.F.N. Spon London, 1986

    7. Giles C., Giles B.: Make Your House Radon Free. Tab Books Inc. 1990

     

     

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