Building physics
Kód předmětu: | 124BPH |
Rozsah: | 3+2 |
Zakončení: | Zápočet, zkouška |
Druh studia: | Bakalářský |
Semestr: | Zimní |
Typ předmětu: | Povinný |
Garant předmětu: | Doc. Dr. Ing. Zbyněk Svoboda |
Anotace:
Thermal protection of buildings:
Heat transfer, Fourier laws. Thermal resistance, thermal transmittance. Mean thermal transmittance. Energy performance of buildings. Diffusion and condensation of water vapor. Minimum internal surface temperature, thermal bridges.
Building acoustics:
Fundamentals of acoustics, Outdoor and indoor sound propagation, Noise Criteria and limiting quantities, Noise control engineering, Room acoustics, Sound insulation in buildings,
Daylight and insolation of buildings:
Daylight factor, Sun path diagrams
Cíle:
Thermal protection of buildings:
Students are introduced to basic principles of heat and moisture transfer in constructions and buildings, to main hygro-thermal requirements and to basic principles of building design from the point of view of thermal protection.
Building acoustics:
Přednášky:
Thermal protection of buildings:
1. Principles of design of low energy buildings, thermal balance of space, mean thermal transmittance
- basic principles of design and realisation of low energy and passive buildings
- heat transfer through building, thermal balance of space
- mean thermal transmittance (requirements, calculation method, influence of thermal joints)
2. Energy performance of buildings
- energy need for heating (requirements, calculation method]
- total energy use (requirements, calculation method)
- primary energy and CO2 emissions
3. Heat transfer through constructions
- basic physical principles (conduction, convection, radiation, appearance in materials and constructions)
- thermal properties of materials (thermal conductivity, emissivity...)
4. Thermal transmittance
- requirements on thermal transmittance
- calculation procedures for basic types of constructions (without and with thermal bridges, influence of ground, influence of unheated spaces, corrections)
5. Minimum internal surface temperature
- minimum internal surface temperature (requirements, calculation procedures, assessment of internal surface condensation risk and mould growth risk, design measures)
- thermal bridges and joints (appearance in buildings, consequences and risks, possible solutions)
6. Water vapor transfer
- basic physical principles (adsorption, sorption isotherm, diffusion, efussion, thermodiffusion, surface diffusion, capillary conduction)
- moisture properties of materials (diffusion coefficient, vapor resistance factor, influence of leakages)
- water vapor condensation: requirements, calculation procedure (Glaser model, Czech and European standards, annual balance)
Building acoustics:
1. Fundamentals of acoustics
- sound as physical phenomenon, spectral analysis, basic quantities: levels and decibels, A-weighting of sound, time factor and equivalent levels, basic acoustical realtions, sound sources, sound fields
2. Indoor and outdoor sound propagation
- sound in enclosed spaces, outdoor sound propagation, geometrical spreading, atmospheric absorption, ground reflection x ground absorption, attenuation due to vegetation, noise barriers
3. Noise and vibration control engineering
- noise criteria and limiting quantities, principles of noise and vibration control, elastic mounting of vibration sources, impact sound insulation, reduction of airborne noise, enclosures, barriers, room sound absorption, sound reduction index, noise reduction at receiver position
4. Introduction to room acoustics and sound insulation in buildings
- the sound reduction index, single leaf partitions, double leaf partitions, multi-element partitions, field x apparent sound reduction index, reverberation time, basics of room acoustical design
Daylight in architecture
- the Sun as the source of daylight, photometry, daylight in buildings, calculation principles, transmission of daylight through window, requirements
Insolation of Buildings
- spherical astronomy, sun paths diagrams, insolation of buildings and urban areas, principles of sun control
Cvičení:
Thermal protection of buildings:
1. Mean thermal transmittance, thermal balance of space
- calculation of mean thermal transmittance of simple low energy family house (FH)
- set up of thermal balance for FH
- calculation of internal temperature with and without internal heat source
- calculation of necessary heat source
- calculation of weekly energy need for heating
2. Energy certificate of building envelope
- assessment of FH by means of SW
- energy certificate production
3. Water vapor transfer, moisture balance of space
- calculation of internal air humidity in FH
- graphical detection of condensation area in model flat roof
4. Consultations
5. Thermal transmittance and annual water vapor balance
- calculation of approximate thermal transmittance of construction with thermal bridges
- calculation of annual water vapor balance for model flat roof with and without ventilated air layer by means of SW
6. Consultations
Building acoustics:
Ukončení:
It is necessary to complete all tasks and pass the exam.
Ratio of the exam on the total evaluation: 100 %.
Literatura:
1. web pages of K124
2. EN ISO standards
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